在伊斯兰堡举行的美伊和谈破裂，凸显了在大国竞争之中运作的中等强国外交的局限。由巴基斯坦主导、并获中国支持的联盟，也有沙乌地阿拉伯、土耳其和埃及参与，成功把华盛顿和德黑兰带上谈判桌，但没能让他们留在那里。随后，唐纳德·特朗普总统下令自纽约时间周一上午开始对荷莫兹海峡实施全面海上封锁，显示谈判失败后紧张局势可能多么迅速升级。
副总统 JD Vance 企图在一个周末内解决47年的敌对状态，事实证明并不现实；在旨在结束6周战争的21小时谈判后，他未能达成协议便离开。双方在伊朗核计划与海峡控制权问题上仍陷入僵局。巴基斯坦之所以成为关键调解者，是因为它与华盛顿、德黑兰、北京和海湾地区都保持运作中的关系，同时又长期在重大外交中充当中介，并且有强烈动机阻止地区战争透过俾路支省沿著其900公里（560英里）与伊朗的边界外溢。
之所以风险特别高，是因为亚洲经济体几乎承接了通过荷莫兹海峡出口能源的90%，因此任何封闭都会冲击全球供应线以及巴基斯坦自身经济。中国较为低调的角色也同样重要：作为巴基斯坦的资金支持者和伊朗最大的贸易伙伴，它协助推动降温，之后也因促成停火 تلاش 而获德黑兰和华盛顿肯定，尽管它仍未能迫使各方达成协议。沙乌地阿拉伯、土耳其和埃及主要出于交易性考量而参与，而这一事件显示，建立在共同利益上的联盟可以买来时间，但当伊朗核争端、代理人冲突以及更广泛的竞争仍未解决时，并不能保证结果。
The collapse of US-Iran peace talks in Islamabad highlighted the limits of diplomacy by middle powers operating amid great-power rivalry. A Pakistan-led coalition backed by China, with Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Egypt also involved, succeeded in bringing Washington and Tehran to the table, but could not keep them there. President Donald Trump then ordered a full naval blockade of the Strait of Hormuz to begin Monday morning New York time, underscoring how quickly tensions could escalate after the talks failed.
Vice President JD Vance’s bid to resolve 47 years of hostility in a weekend proved unrealistic; after 21 hours of talks meant to end 6 weeks of war, he left without a deal. The sides stayed deadlocked over Iran’s nuclear program and control of the Strait. Pakistan emerged as the key mediator because it has working ties with Washington, Tehran, Beijing, and the Gulf, while also having longstanding experience as a conduit in major diplomacy and a strong incentive to prevent a regional war from spilling across its 900-kilometer (560-mile) border with Iran through Balochistan.
The stakes are especially high because Asian economies take almost 90% of the energy exported through the Strait of Hormuz, so any closure would hit global supply lines and Pakistan’s own economy. China’s quieter role mattered as well: as Pakistan’s financial backer and Iran’s largest trading partner, it helped push de-escalation and was later credited by Tehran and Washington for aiding the ceasefire bid, though it still failed to force a deal. Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Egypt were motivated mainly by transactional concerns, and the episode showed that coalitions built on shared interests can buy time but not guarantee outcomes when Iran’s nuclear dispute, proxy conflicts, and broader rivalries remain unresolved.