中国企业在人形机器人硬体供应链中占据了领先优势，总部位于北京的 LinkerBot 占全球部署的尖端机器人手部 80% 以上，为 Samsung、Meta 和 Siemens 提供关键组件。Morgan Stanley 估计，到 2050 年，全球人形机器人市场规模可能超过 5 兆美元，其中高效的机械手被视为解锁该庞大市场的关键技术。

在机器人关节与躯干制造方面，中国已建立强大的主导地位，目前掌控高达 90% 的旋转致动器永久磁铁、40% 的精密轴承、40% 的感测器以及 30% 用于相关组件的电力电子元件。Morgan Stanley 指出，若将中国零组件排除在其供应链之外，Tesla 的 Optimus 人形机器人的生产成本将会增加接近两倍。

在控制机器人大脑的 AI 领域，Nvidia 与 Elon Musk 等美国重要参与者正在加速推动突破，而中国新创企业亦吸引了数十亿美元创投资金投入研发。人形机器人的实体躯体与 AI 大脑将决定未来的工业、商业及军事竞争力，促使华盛顿对中国可能制定人形机器人规模化应用蓝图的趋势深感警惕。

Chinese firms have established a leading edge in humanoid robot hardware, with Beijing-based LinkerBot supplying over 80% of cutting-edge robotic hands deployed globally to clients including Samsung, Meta, and Siemens. Morgan Stanley estimates that the global humanoid robot market could top $5 trillion by 2050, with highly efficient robotic hands recognized as an essential component to unlock this expanding market.

China dominates the manufacturing of humanoid joints and torsos, controlling up to 90% of permanent magnets for rotary actuators, 40% of precision bearings, 40% of sensors, and 30% of power electronics used in these assemblies. According to Morgan Stanley, the manufacturing cost of Tesla's Optimus humanoid would nearly triple if Chinese components were excluded from its supply chain.

While US heavyweights like Nvidia and Elon Musk drive AI models serving as robotic brains, Chinese startups have also attracted billions of dollars in venture capital to develop physical intelligence. Mastering both robotic hardware and cognitive software will determine leadership across manufacturing, services, and defense, raising concerns in Washington that China may establish the definitive blueprint for large-scale humanoid adoption.