在2月5日凌晨1:22，维克多·库桑收到 NewsGuard 提醒，发现其身份疑似被盗用，一则以其姓名和照片发布、指控马克龙与杰弗里·爱泼斯坦有关的假新闻，在当日关闭前已被浏览超过100万次。该事件被 NewsGuard 与 Viginum 追踪为俄军情机构 GRU 相关的 Storm‑1516 行动，先由一个面向法语受众的亲俄账号发布，再由疑似“付费”账号扩散，并用此前以库桑名义制作的91篇虚假文章做支撑。 法国随后披露的“反制披露先于谣言发酵”思路，在此案例中发挥作用：主流媒体最终围绕识别与定性展开，而不是大量转述该虚假内容。
根据欧洲联盟外交服务报告，在欧洲国家中，法国在乌克兰之后是受外部干预信息作战打击最多的国家，2025年共记录107起，而 Viginum 自2025年3月以来检测到超过150起，已是此前18个月的两倍以上。NewsGuard 统计到2025年1月至2026年2月间，Storm‑1516在法相关的20起虚假主张共获1.94亿次浏览，平均每起约970万次。
Storm‑1516的传播手法包括照片和视频拼接、虚假新闻站、AI图像、深度伪造、雇佣演员、匿名“烧号”、亲俄频道、付费意见领袖及数百个 CopyCop 假站，并且从依赖机器人转向“按点击付费”放大。除俄方外，伊朗、以色列及亲中行为体也被认为在推动针对法国的信息与舆论行动，线下骚扰事件同样出现，如去年有9个猪头被投放在清真寺外。
On February 5 at 1:22 a.m., Victor Cousin received a NewsGuard alert that his identity had likely been impersonated, and a fake site using his name and photo spreading a Macron–Epstein accusation reached over 1 million views before being taken down the same day. The operation was attributed to Storm-1516, linked to the GRU, which first seeded it through a pro-Russian Francophone account, then via suspected paid accounts, and boosted credibility with 91 prior fake articles under Cousin’s name.
After Ukraine, France was the most targeted European state in 2025 with 107 foreign disinformation campaigns, while Viginum logged over 150 since March 2025—more than twice the previous 18 months. NewsGuard recorded 20 Storm-1516 claims in France from Jan 2025 to Feb 2026 drawing 194 million views (about 9.7 million each), compared with five claims tied to Macron’s Ukraine/rearmament messaging from Dec 2024–Mar 2025 that drew 171 million views (about 34.2 million each), indicating stronger viral concentration.
Storm-1516 commonly uses photo/video montages, fake sites, AI images, deepfakes, hired actors, burner accounts, pro-Russian channels, paid influencers, and hundreds of CopyCop sites, while tactics appear to have shifted from bot-heavy seeding to pay-per-click amplification. France has adopted a new anti-disinformation strategy and early-exposure model, yet officials still expect additional pressure from Russia plus Iran, Israel, and pro-Chinese actors, including offline provocation incidents such as nine pig heads placed outside mosques last year.
Source: How France learned to fight Russian disinformatio
Subtitle: The EU’s most-targeted country is counterattacking against fake news
Dateline: 4月 09, 2026 03:53 上午 | PARIS