Andy Jassy 即将担任 Amazon CEO 满 5 年，他是在 2021 年 7 月接替 Jeff Bezos 上任的。他接手时，公司因疫情时期过度扩招而膨胀，业务也扩展到电子商务、云端运算、广告、物流、装置、媒体和杂货；他著手在保持 Amazon 进取的同时恢复纪律。这意味著裁减约 60,000 名企业员工、增加到办公室的时间、关闭数十个专案，并持续推动节俭与新创公司式的紧迫感；同时，他维持低调、喜欢音乐和运动的形象，并且仍以不寻常的亲力亲为方式参与营运。
他任内最大的转变是 AI。Amazon 在 ChatGPT 于 2022 年底亮相后起步较晚，但 Jassy 作出了大规模承诺：最高 50 billion 美元投向 OpenAI，13 billion 美元投资 Anthropic，另有 20 billion 美元选择权，并承诺今年在 AI 资料中心、晶片、网路设备、机器人及其他资本项目上支出 200 billion 美元。Amazon 也透过 11.6 billion 美元的 Globalstar 交易扩大其卫星计划，同时将 Alexa 经过大幅重写升级为 Alexa+；该产品于 2025 年 2 月亮相，之后自动推送到数千万台 Echo 装置。横跨 AWS，该公司正把 Anthropic 和 OpenAI 与自家的 Bedrock、Trainium 晶片和 Nova 模型结合起来，让 AWS 成为客户在贴近自身资料的地方运行 AI 的首选。
到目前为止，这些投入的回报喜忧参半但相当可观：AWS 已写下 3 年多来最快的销售成长，而且即使 Microsoft 和 Alphabet 自 ChatGPT 出现后合计拿下了额外 600 billion 美元的未来业务，Amazon 仍保有云端领导地位。不过，文章强调了多项重大顾虑，包括员工焦虑、持续重组的文化、顶尖 AI 人才流向竞争对手，以及有人抱怨 Jassy 重视查核的管理风格会把过多重大决策往上推，造成瓶颈。支持者说，他大约用了 2 年把局面拉回正轨，但批评者认为，公司的官僚作风、士气问题，以及对昂贵押注的依赖，使下一阶段成长更为艰难。Amazon 仍在朝著成为第一家营收达到 1 trillion 美元的公司迈进，而 Jassy 说，这家公司正在做「ungodly amount of invention」来达成目标。
Andy Jassy is approaching 5 years as Amazon CEO, having taken over in July 2021 after Jeff Bezos. He inherited a company swollen by pandemic-era overhiring and sprawling into e-commerce, cloud computing, advertising, logistics, devices, media, and groceries, and he set out to restore discipline while keeping Amazon aggressive. That meant layoffs of roughly 60,000 corporate employees, more office time, the shutdown of dozens of projects, and a constant push for frugality and startup-style urgency, even as he projected a low-key, music-and-sports-loving persona and remained unusually hands-on with operations.
The biggest shift in his tenure has been AI. Amazon moved late after ChatGPT’s late-2022 debut, but Jassy responded with large commitments: up to $50 billion for OpenAI, a $13 billion Anthropic investment with another $20 billion option, and a pledge to spend $200 billion this year on AI data centers, chips, networking gear, robots, and other capital projects. Amazon also expanded its satellite effort with the $11.6 billion Globalstar deal, while pushing Alexa through a major rewrite into Alexa+, which was unveiled in February 2025 and then rolled out automatically to tens of millions of Echo devices. Across AWS, the company is pairing Anthropic and OpenAI with its own Bedrock, Trainium chips, and Nova models to make AWS the place where customers run AI close to their data.
The payoff so far is mixed but significant: AWS has posted its fastest sales growth in more than 3 years, and Amazon still holds the cloud lead even as Microsoft and Alphabet have together booked $600 billion more in future business since ChatGPT arrived. Yet the article emphasizes major caveats, including employee anxiety, a culture of constant reorganizations, top AI talent leaving for rivals, and complaints that Jassy’s inspection-heavy management style creates bottlenecks by forcing too many major decisions up the chain. Supporters say he has righted the ship after about 2 years, but critics argue that the company’s bureaucracy, morale problems, and dependence on expensive bets make the next phase of growth harder. Amazon is still aiming to become the first company to reach $1 trillion in revenue, and Jassy says the firm is doing an “ungodly amount of invention” to get there.