气候变迁正导致热带疾病在欧洲本土传播。近期在义大利法诺市爆发了由未曾出国的民众感染登革热的罕见疫情，凸显了白线斑蚊等病媒蚊已适应欧洲较温暖的气候。随著气温升高，这种蚊子的活跃期正在延长，未来可能在欧洲部分地区形成常态性的疾病传播风险。

温度的微小变化对疾病传播影响甚钜。研究指出，白线斑蚊传播疾病的临界温度比过去认为的更低，这意味著疫情可能在更多欧洲国家爆发并持续更长时间。同时，降雨和湿度也会影响蚊子的繁殖，加上气候对病毒和人类行为的影响，使得疾病传播模式的预测变得更加复杂。

尽管无法完全消灭病媒蚊，但控制疫情扩散的关键在于建立强大的公共卫生基础设施。部分地区已开始尝试透过释放不育公蚊来减少病媒蚊数量。随著埃及斑蚊等其他外来蚊种也逐渐入侵，欧洲民众未来可能需要养成与热带地区相似的防蚊习惯，例如使用蚊帐和驱蚊剂。

Climate change is driving the local transmission of tropical diseases in Europe. A recent outbreak of dengue fever in Fano, Italy, among residents with no travel history highlights how vectors like the Asian tiger mosquito have adapted to warmer European climates. As temperatures rise, the mosquito season is lengthening, potentially making disease transmission a permanent risk in some areas.

Small temperature shifts significantly impact disease transmission. Studies show the Asian tiger mosquito can transmit diseases at lower temperatures than previously believed, meaning outbreaks could occur in more European countries and for longer durations. Furthermore, rainfall and humidity affect breeding, while climate impacts viruses and human behavior, making transmission patterns complex to predict.

While eradicating mosquitoes is impossible, controlling outbreaks relies on robust public health infrastructure. Some regions are testing methods like releasing sterile male mosquitoes to reduce populations. As other invasive species like the yellow fever mosquito also arrive, Europeans may soon need to adopt tropical preventative measures, such as using mosquito nets and repellents.