氣候變遷正導致熱帶疾病在歐洲本土傳播。近期在義大利法諾市爆發了由未曾出國的民眾感染登革熱的罕見疫情，凸顯了白線斑蚊等病媒蚊已適應歐洲較溫暖的氣候。隨著氣溫升高，這種蚊子的活躍期正在延長，未來可能在歐洲部分地區形成常態性的疾病傳播風險。

溫度的微小變化對疾病傳播影響甚鉅。研究指出，白線斑蚊傳播疾病的臨界溫度比過去認為的更低，這意味著疫情可能在更多歐洲國家爆發並持續更長時間。同時，降雨和濕度也會影響蚊子的繁殖，加上氣候對病毒和人類行為的影響，使得疾病傳播模式的預測變得更加複雜。

儘管無法完全消滅病媒蚊，但控制疫情擴散的關鍵在於建立強大的公共衛生基礎設施。部分地區已開始嘗試透過釋放不育公蚊來減少病媒蚊數量。隨著埃及斑蚊等其他外來蚊種也逐漸入侵，歐洲民眾未來可能需要養成與熱帶地區相似的防蚊習慣，例如使用蚊帳和驅蚊劑。

Climate change is driving the local transmission of tropical diseases in Europe. A recent outbreak of dengue fever in Fano, Italy, among residents with no travel history highlights how vectors like the Asian tiger mosquito have adapted to warmer European climates. As temperatures rise, the mosquito season is lengthening, potentially making disease transmission a permanent risk in some areas.

Small temperature shifts significantly impact disease transmission. Studies show the Asian tiger mosquito can transmit diseases at lower temperatures than previously believed, meaning outbreaks could occur in more European countries and for longer durations. Furthermore, rainfall and humidity affect breeding, while climate impacts viruses and human behavior, making transmission patterns complex to predict.

While eradicating mosquitoes is impossible, controlling outbreaks relies on robust public health infrastructure. Some regions are testing methods like releasing sterile male mosquitoes to reduce populations. As other invasive species like the yellow fever mosquito also arrive, Europeans may soon need to adopt tropical preventative measures, such as using mosquito nets and repellents.