最近的研究指出，烟火显著地干扰了野生动物的日常规律，往往导致严重的伤害或死亡。一个关键事件发生于2025年1月1日，在保加利亚的斯雷德纳山脉（Sredna Gora），一名登山客发现了数百只死亡的鸟类，其中大多数是幼鸟，呈小群散落在一条积雪的步道上。随后的尸体解剖显示了广泛的物理性创伤，包括伤口、瘀伤、羽毛脱落、内出血和翅膀骨折，展现了此类事件所造成的直接且致命的生理代价。

在随后的一个月中，科学家正式将这起集体死亡事件与前一晚附近城镇的烟火施放联系起来。调查表明，强烈的噪音使鸟类感到恐慌，导致牠们在黑暗中盲目逃窜。这种恐慌导致牠们与树木、障碍物或彼此之间发生致命的碰撞。尽管在这次单一事件中就有数百只鸟类死亡，但由于缺乏直接观察，此类事件的真实规模在科学记录中仍然被低估。

包括来自伊利诺大学兽医学院的 Stephany Lewis 在内的专家指出，这些生态影响可能很广泛，但记录并不足够。野生动物康复者很少能直接目睹烟火造成的伤害，这意味著受影响的动物要么永远不会被发现，要么牠们的死亡未归因于烟火。因此，已记录的案例仅代表实际死亡率的一小部分，指出野生动物保育数据中存在一个关键空白。

Recent research highlights that fireworks significantly disrupt wildlife routines, often leading to severe injuries or death. A key incident occurred on January 1, 2025, in Bulgaria’s Sredna Gora mountain range, where a hiker found hundreds of dead birds, primarily juveniles, scattered in small groups along a snowy trail. Subsequent necropsies revealed extensive physical trauma, including wounds, bruises, missing feathers, internal bleeding, and fractured wings, showcasing the immediate and lethal physical toll of such events.

In the following month, scientists officially linked this mass mortality event to a nearby town's New Year's Eve fireworks display. Investigations suggested that the intense noise panicked the birds, causing them to flee blindly in the dark. This panic resulted in fatal collisions with trees, obstacles, or each other. Although hundreds of birds died in this single event, the true scale of such occurrences remains underrepresented in scientific records due to a lack of direct observation.

Experts, including Stephany Lewis from the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine, suggest these ecological impacts are likely widespread but under-documented. Wildlife rehabilitators rarely witness fireworks-induced injuries directly, meaning affected animals are either never found or their deaths are not attributed to fireworks. Consequently, the documented cases represent only a fraction of the actual mortality rate, pointing to a critical gap in wildlife conservation data.