伊隆·马斯克近期展示了延宕已久的特斯拉 Roadster 2 原型车，该车不仅能短暂飞行、跳跃越过一整排车辆，还能像蜘蛛人一样开上垂直墙壁甚至倒挂。从物理学角度来看，一般汽车依靠轮胎与路面之间的静摩擦力行驶，其最大摩擦力取决于正向力与静摩擦系数（橡胶对沥青约为 0.6）。随著坡度增加，重力的垂直分力与正向力会减小，导致一般车辆在约 31 度（即使摩擦系数达 0.9 也仅约 42 度）的斜坡上就会开始打滑，根本无法开上垂直墙面。

为了克服这个限制，Roadster 2 利用车底风扇将空气抽出并配合侧翼，像吸尘器一样降低车底气压，借由大气压力差大幅增加将车推向墙面的正向力与摩擦力。以车重 1,700 公斤、接触面积约 2 平方公尺估算，只需将车底气压降至外部大气压力的 86% 即可让车辆吸附在墙上；这项吸力技术在正常行驶时也能透过增加摩擦力来提升加速、煞车与过弯性能。此外，为了突破传统轮胎摩擦力的加速极限（0 到 60 英里约需 4.56 秒），该车利用车尾喷出压缩空气产生反作用力（牛顿第三运动定律），如同气球推动玩具车或火箭推进一般，实现不到 1 秒的 0 到 60 英里加速。

至于「飞行」功能，Roadster 2 同样依赖压缩空气向上推升使车辆离地，但由于气瓶压力会迅速下降，推力仅能维持几秒钟，更像是短暂跳跃而非真正的飞行。为了在极短时间内产生足够的速度变化以跳过约 4 公尺高的特斯拉 Semi 卡车，系统必须施加巨大的力，这也带来了极端加速度的问题。透过影片轨迹分析并以二次函数拟合位置与时间数据，估算其垂直加速度高达每秒 98 公尺平方（约 10 个 G 力），这对人体而言虽然短时间内可存活但极度不适且具风险，这或许正是展示时由机器人驾驶的原因。

Elon Musk recently unveiled the long-delayed Tesla Roadster 2 prototype, which can briefly fly, jump over an entire lineup of vehicles, and drive up vertical walls or stay upside down Spider-Man-style. From a physics perspective, normal cars rely on static friction between rubber tires and the road, where the maximum frictional force depends on the normal force and the coefficient of static friction (around 0.6 for rubber on asphalt). As the incline angle increases, the perpendicular component of gravity and the normal force decrease, causing a standard car to slip at about 31 degrees (or 42 degrees even with a 0.9 coefficient), making vertical wall driving impossible under normal conditions.

To overcome this limitation, the Roadster 2 uses underbody fans and side flaps to blow air out from beneath the car like a vacuum cleaner, lowering the underbody air pressure so atmospheric pressure increases the normal force and friction. Assuming a target weight of 1,700 kilograms and a 2-square-meter contact area, reducing the bottom pressure to about 86 percent of atmospheric pressure is enough to stick the car to a wall; in normal driving, this suction also boosts acceleration, braking, and cornering by increasing friction. Furthermore, to surpass the traditional friction-limited 0-to-60 mph time of 4.56 seconds, the car shoots compressed air out the back like a rocket or balloon-powered toy car, using Newton's third law to achieve 0-to-60 mph in under a second.

For its 'flying' capability, the Roadster 2 uses the same compressed-air method to push the vehicle off the ground, though tank pressure drops quickly and provides only a few seconds of thrust, making it more of a leap than sustained flight. Because the thrust lasts for such a short duration, a massive force is required to leapfrog obstacles like a 4-meter-tall Tesla Semi truck, resulting in extreme acceleration. Video analysis fitting a quadratic function to the car's vertical position over time estimates a vertical acceleration of about 98 meters per second squared, or roughly 10 g's, which is unpleasant and risky for humans and likely explains why a robot was behind the wheel during the demonstration.