为了找出疟疾对药物产生抗药性的原因，布朗大学的研究团队对乌干达的疟原虫样本进行了全基因组分析，发现名为 px1 的基因突变（被称为 PIN 突变）是导致抗药性增加的主要原因。

研究显示，这种 PIN 突变自 2008 年首次出现以来迅速传播，到 2024 年在乌干达北部和东部的盛行率已分别高达 84% 和 55%。这表示该突变在近年间快速扩散，尚未经历足够的基因重组。

实验证实，带有 PIN 突变的疟原虫对常用的抗疟疾药物（特别是苯芴醇）敏感度降低。尽管目前仍需进一步研究此突变对实际临床治疗的影响，但将其纳入监测系统并开发新疗法已成为当务之急。

To identify the cause of drug-resistant malaria, a research team from Brown University conducted whole-genome analysis on malaria parasite samples from Uganda, discovering that mutations in the px1 gene (named the PIN mutation) are primarily responsible for the increased resistance.

The study shows that the PIN mutation has spread rapidly since its first appearance in 2008, reaching a prevalence of 84% in northern Uganda and 55% in eastern Uganda by 2024. This indicates that the mutation has expanded quickly in recent years without undergoing significant genetic recombination.

Experiments confirmed that malaria parasites carrying the PIN mutation exhibit reduced sensitivity to common antimalarial drugs, particularly lumefantrine. Although further research is needed to determine the clinical impact of this mutation, incorporating it into surveillance systems and developing new treatments is now an urgent priority.