Yuval Harari认为，AI革命不同于工业革命：工业革命创造工具，而AI创造能自主作出决策的行动主体。若AI企业累积资本后不再需要大量人类劳动，资本主义可能与人类分道扬镳。科技企业已掌握经济、政治与文化权力；如同19世纪取消童工并未摧毁经济，社会也必须重新界定劳动与民主的基本原则。

AI可能扩大全球不平等：United States与China将获利，其他国家、包括Europe的服务型社会，则可能承受衰退。若税基崩溃，Europe现有的福利制度难以维持。Harari主张Europe必须团结，投入数十亿欧元（原文：billions of euros）发展自主AI，因为剩余时间不多。AI作为「完美官僚」可处理海量资讯、操控制度并削弱信任；社交媒体也已由演算法取代编辑决定公共资讯流向。

AI可能自我进化、发展自身语言，最终超出人类控制；人类未必被蓄意消灭，却可能像大量动物一样，因AI追求自身生存空间而被排挤。已有数百万人把AI视为最好的朋友，儿童尤其令人担忧：这是人类历史上规模最大的心理学实验，结果未知。AI伴侣在商业上有利可图，但社会仍有选择空间；Harari认为人类的独特性不只是形式化思考，而是由身体产生的感受与情绪。

Yuval Harari argues that the AI revolution differs fundamentally from the Industrial Revolution: the latter created tools, while AI creates agents capable of making autonomous decisions. If AI companies accumulate capital and no longer need large numbers of human workers, capitalism may split from humanity. Technology companies already hold economic, political, and cultural power; as ending child labor in the 19th century did not destroy the economy, society must redefine the basic principles of labor and democracy.

AI may intensify global inequality: the United States and China will benefit, while other countries, including Europe’s service-based societies, may face recession. If the tax base collapses, Europe’s existing welfare systems may become unsustainable. Harari says Europe must unite and invest billions of euros (original: billions of euros) in developing independent AI, because little time remains. As a “perfect bureaucrat,” AI can process vast information, manipulate institutions, and erode trust; social media has also replaced editors with algorithms in determining the flow of public information.

AI may self-evolve, develop its own language, and ultimately escape human control; humanity may not be deliberately exterminated, but could be displaced as many animals have been, as AI pursues its own living space. Hundreds of millions already treat AI as their best friend, raising particular concern for children: this is the largest psychological experiment in human history, and its outcome is unknown. AI companions are commercially profitable, but society still has room to choose; Harari says humanity’s distinctiveness lies not only in formal thinking, but in bodily feelings and emotions.