中国国家主席习近平正以毛泽东时代以来罕见的速度清洗其领导团队成员，打破了政治体制传统的每五年调整一次的稳定性。最新落马的核心官员是马兴瑞，他是前新疆党委书记和著名的航天工程师。继四月份因严重违纪违法接受调查之后，官方媒体证实，他因收受贿赂、家族腐败和性丑闻等“极其严重”的腐败行为而被开除党籍。他的下台使得执政的中央政治局又多了一个席位空缺，使其活跃成员人数从最初的24人减少到21人。

虽然在毛泽东时代之后，贪腐指控通常被用来掩盖与党魁的政治分歧，但几乎没有证据表明马兴瑞与习近平之间存在政治摩擦。相反，极其严重的腐败本身似乎是马兴瑞被免职的主要动因。自习近平于2012年掌权以来，已有三名政治局委员被免职，代表了毛泽东时代之后历任领导人中开除人数最高的一次。马兴瑞目前正面临检察机关的起诉，预计将面临长期监禁，而在一位以打破既定政治惯例而闻名的领导人治下，他的最终命运依然充满变数。

马兴瑞的被免职是2022年党代会以来更大规模的高层清洗浪潮的一部分。在此期间，习近平罢免了一名外交部长、两名国防部长以及数十名高级军官。这其中包括军队中两名最高级别的将军：已被开除出政治局的何卫东，以及目前正在接受调查且几乎肯定会失去席位的张又侠。

Chinese President Xi Jinping is purging members of his leadership team at a rate unseen since the Mao Zedong era, disrupting the political system's traditional stability of five-yearly reshuffles. The latest core official to fall is Ma Xingrui, the former Communist Party boss of Xinjiang and a celebrated aerospace engineer. Following an investigation announced in April for serious violations, state media confirmed he has been stripped of party membership for "extremely serious" corruption, including bribery, family graft, and sexual misconduct. His downfall leaves another seat vacant on the ruling Politburo, reducing its active membership from 24 to 21.

While accusations of graft are commonly used post-Mao to mask political disagreements with the party chief, there is little evidence of political friction between Ma and Xi. Instead, egregious corruption itself appears to be the primary driver of Ma's removal. Since Xi took power in 2012, three Politburo members have been dismissed, representing the highest number of expulsions under any leader in the post-Mao era. Ma now faces prosecutors and is expected to receive a lengthy prison sentence, with his ultimate fate uncertain under a leader known for breaking established political norms.

Ma’s ousting is part of a broader wave of high-level purges since the 2022 party congress. During this period, Xi has removed a foreign minister, two defense ministers, and dozens of high-ranking military officers. This includes the military's two most senior generals: He Weidong, who was expelled from the Politburo, and Zhang Youxia, who is currently under investigation and expected to lose his seat.

Source: Xi Jinping expels another leader from his top team

Subtitle: He has set a record for booting out members of the Politburo

Dateline: Jul 16, 2026 04:58 AM