就在圣诞节前，五角大楼的年度报告称中国计划在2035年前建造6艘新航空母舰，其建造节奏超过美国的两倍，而美国在同一时期只计划建造3艘。随着美国在未来几年退役3艘，到2035年两国航母规模将是美国11艘对中国9艘，并且由于中国可能把海军力量集中在亚洲，中国航母很快可能在太平洋数量上超过美国航母。
这将重塑一个美国第七舰队在超过80年里主导海上航道的地区，而且中国也在提升质量：福建舰于11月服役，使用电磁弹射而非蒸汽，使其成为全球仅有的第二套此类系统，另一套在美国最新航母“杰拉尔德·R·福特”号上。中国第一艘核动力航母正在大连建造，后续舰只也很可能采用核动力，从而相较常规动力舰艇获得更远的航程。
其有效性仍不确定——专家提出的基准是每天至少100架次出动——但活动趋势在上升，包括中国海军在2024年10月首次进行双航母联合作战，以及12月在帕劳附近（从日本延伸到巴布亚新几内亚的“第二岛链”）被目击。航母扩张指向更广泛的力量投送目标，例如保护驶往中国的航运并在战争中威胁对手的海上贸易，尤其是在对手被描述为缺乏大量远程反舰导弹库存且许多无人机航程有限的情况下。
The Pentagon's annual report, released just before Christmas, indicates that China aims to build six new aircraft carriers by 2035, which is more than double the number planned by the US. As the US retires three carriers, they would have 11 compared to China's nine by 2035. This shift would significantly alter regional dynamics where the US has historically dominated. Additionally, China's new carrier, Fujian, features an advanced electromagnetic catapult, and a nuclear-powered carrier is in development, enhancing their capabilities.
Just before Christmas, the Pentagon’s annual report said China plans to build six new aircraft carriers before 2035, at more than twice the pace of the United States, which plans only three over the same period. With the United States retiring three in coming years, carrier totals would be 11 American ships versus nine Chinese by 2035, and China’s likely concentration in Asia could soon leave Chinese carriers outnumbering American ones in the Pacific.
This would reshape a region where America’s Seventh Fleet has dominated sea lanes for over 80 years, and China is also improving quality: Fujian, commissioned in November, uses an electromagnetic catapult rather than steam, making it only the world’s second such system, the other being on the USS Gerald R. Ford. China’s first nuclear-powered carrier is under construction in Dalian, and later hulls are likely to be nuclear too, giving greater range than conventionally powered ships.
Source: Behind China’s race to build aircraft-carriers
Subtitle: It will soon have more carriers in the Pacific than America
Dateline: 1月 29, 2026 05:47 上午 | SINGAPORE