习近平在2022年10月获得史无前例的第三个中共总书记任期后，带领高层赴延安强调“正确政治方向”和“延安精神”；但在1940年代初的整风中，约4万名革命者里有1.5万人（约38%）被打成“特务”，酷刑普遍，许多人被处决或被逼自杀。
自2012年上台以来，习近平以“刀刃向内”的自我革命反腐，累计“关押数千人、处分数百万人”；仅2025年就有逾100万人因腐败和政治纪律问题被立案调查、98.3万人受处分，调查数量至少比2024年高15%、比2023年高60%，而1月24日公布的最新目标包括两名最高级将领（含军中最高现役军官张又侠）在内的数十名被清洗者，令指挥系统受损并牵涉200万人的解放军。
整肃正向更低层级扩展：4—9月每月平均有7,271人因收受或给予贿赂、现金或贵重礼品被处分，而10年前同期仅586人（约12倍）；处罚也更重——2014年只有约30%的案件以监禁或开除党籍等重处分告终，如今超过70%，且2024年“留置”等未起诉羁押人数上升46%，在政府重点投入行业（如2024年医药领域超过6万人被处理）与买官卖官（如2016—2023年有人为升迁支付逾130万元）并存的背景下，隔离拘押与至少5名企业家在4—7月间自杀等代价进一步凸显。
After securing an unprecedented third term as Communist Party chief in October 2022, Xi Jinping invoked the “Yan’an spirit” and a “correct political direction” on a pilgrimage to Yan’an; yet in the early-1940s rectification there, 15,000 of about 40,000 revolutionaries (about 38%) were branded traitors, with torture common and many executed or driven to suicide.
Since taking power in 2012, Xi has framed anti-graft as a “self-revolution” that has jailed thousands and punished millions; in 2025 alone authorities investigated over 1 million people and punished 983,000, with investigations at least 15% higher than 2024 and 60% above 2023, while the latest targets announced on January 24 include two top generals (including Zhang Youxia) among dozens purged, leaving a tattered high command in the 2-million-strong PLA.
The dragnet is moving down the ranks: from April to September an average of 7,271 people per month were punished for taking or giving bribes, cash, or valuables versus 586 a decade earlier (about 12×); sanctions have hardened from about 30% of cases ending in prison or expulsion in 2014 to over 70% today, suspects held without charge rose 46% in 2024, and corruption linked to spending surges (over 60,000 disciplined in pharmaceuticals in 2024) and promotion-buying (over 1.3 million yuan paid for advancement in 2016–23) is accompanied by reports of solitary detention and at least five suicide deaths among entrepreneurs detained from April to July.
Source: Xi Jinping is immensely powerful. Why can’t he stamp out corruption?
Subtitle: His purge of the top brass is part of a wider campaig
Dateline: 1月 29, 2026 04:19 上午