该评选强调在 2025 年动荡中“改善幅度最大”的国家，并突出了关键的法治与治理节点，例如巴西因 2022 年选举相关的政变企图而判处前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗 27 年监禁，以及韩国在一年前一次失败的戒严企图之后以叛乱罪审判前总统尹锡悦。

阿根廷的改善主要体现在经济层面：自 2023 年起推进深度市场化改革，并获得美国 200 亿美元纾困以避免金融危机，通胀从 2023 年的 211% 降至目前约 30%。贫困率较去年下降 21 个百分点，预算得到控制，汇率更趋向浮动比索，并取消了大部分资本管制。

叙利亚的改善则主要体现在政治层面：巴沙尔·阿萨德在 2024 年 12 月初被迫逃离，而此前 13 年内战已造成超过 50 万人死亡、超过 600 万人外逃。尽管发生了两起造成 2,000 人死亡的少数族裔屠杀且风险仍高，但随着西方制裁放松经济开始复苏，并且有约 300 万叙利亚人在 2025 年返乡，使其相较 2024 年明显更和平、更正常。

The selection favors the country that improved most amid 2025 turbulence, with notable rule-of-law and governance milestones such as Brazil sentencing ex-president Jair Bolsonaro to 27 years for a 2022 election-related coup attempt and South Korea trying ex-president Yoon Suk Yeol for insurrection after a failed martial-law bid a year earlier.

Argentina’s improvement is economic: deep market reforms begun in 2023 were sustained through 2025 and were buttressed by a $20bn U.S. lifeline to avert a financial crisis, while inflation fell from 211% in 2023 to around 30% now. The poverty rate is down 21 percentage points since last year, the budget is under control, policy moved toward a floating peso, and most capital controls were removed.

Syria’s improvement is political: Bashar al-Assad was forced to flee in early December 2024 after a 13-year civil war that killed over half a million people and drove over 6m to flee. Even with two minority massacres that killed 2,000 and ongoing fragility, relaxed Western sanctions coincide with early economic recovery and about 3m Syrians returning home in 2025, making the country markedly more peaceful than in 2024.

Source: The Economist’s country of the year for 2025

Subtitle: Which country improved the most this year?

Dateline: 12月 18, 2025 07:37 上午