一个由80名科学家组成的国际团队确定了一种包含14种蛋白质的特征，可在确诊前五年或更长时间预测肺癌风险。通过分析英国生物样本库中近50,000名受试者的血液样本，研究人员在八个全球数据集中证实了该特征的预测能力。

这种蛋白质特征与白细胞介素-1贝塔（IL-1ß）触发的炎症通路相关，这是一种由空气污染激活的信号分子。实验室实验表明，在小鼠中阻断IL-1ß可以阻止肿瘤形成，这为人类靶向预防性药物治疗提供了前景。

临床试验数据分析显示，在14种蛋白质水平较高的患者中，使用IL-1ß阻断剂使他们的肺癌风险几乎减半，每治疗55人就能预防一例病例。相反，对于该特征水平较低的患者，需要治疗1,500多人才能预防单例病例。

An international team of 80 scientists has identified a 14-protein signature that predicts lung cancer risk five or more years before diagnosis. By analyzing blood samples from nearly 50,000 individuals in the UK Biobank, the researchers confirmed this signature's predictive power across eight global datasets.

This protein signature is linked to an inflammatory pathway triggered by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß), a signalling molecule activated by air pollution. Lab experiments showed that blocking IL-1ß prevented tumor formation in mice, indicating the potential for targeted preventive drug therapies in humans.

Clinical trial data analysis revealed that using an IL-1ß blocker in patients with high levels of the 14 proteins nearly halved their lung cancer risk, preventing one case for every 55 people treated. In contrast, for patients with low levels of the signature, more than 1,500 people would need treatment to prevent a single case.

Source: New techniques can predict and prevent lung cancer

Subtitle: A molecular signature can identify those most at risk

Dateline: 6月 11, 2026 04:21 上午