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AI BioDesign 是一项结合人工智慧与大规模实验室研究的前瞻性科学计划,由艾伦研究所、华盛顿大学及福瑞德哈金森癌症中心共同主导,并由 2024 年诺贝尔化学奖得主大卫·贝克(David Baker)带领。该计划致力于探索自然界中从未存在但在物理和化学上可行的分子与生物功能,旨在为未来的医学治疗、癌症与神经退化疾病新药,以及降解海洋塑料的环保酵素建立基础数据模型与工具。

面对探索全新生物领域所伴随的潜在风险,贝克指出其主要风险与传统生物技术相似,包括意外的生物交互作用、环境冲击或技术滥用。然而,现代计算设计技术使科学家能在分子实际合成前就进行电脑筛选与密闭实验室验证,从而大幅降低风险。展望未来,该团队期许将新疾病的治愈研发周期从数十年缩短至数周,并利用蛋白质分子机器治理污染环境、提升农作物韧性及修复基础建设。

针对人工智慧可能设计出机制未明的分子,贝克认为强有力的实验证据与安全验证足以支持初步推进,但深入理解作用机制仍是关键目标。在伦理与管制层面,他强调应以「潜在利益与危害的平衡」为裁决标准,造福健康与永续发展的研发应予支持,而具公共安全威胁的领域则需严加审查。他特别主张应对所有合成 DNA 的制造进行监控与日志记录,以建立防止滥用的实质防线。

Addressing the risks of entering uncharted biological territory, Baker noted that concerns regarding unintended interactions, environmental impacts, and misuse parallel those of previous biological (Key numbers: 2024)

technologies, but computational modeling now enables thorough pre-synthesis screening and rigorous laboratory containment before deployment. Looking ahead, Baker envisions a future where cures for

Regarding functional molecules whose underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood by scientists, Baker emphasized that while robust experimental evidence justifies moving forward, achieving deeper mechanistic insight remains a core objective of the initiative. On governance and ethics, decisions must weigh potential benefits against harms; applications advancing health and sustainability should proceed, whereas those endangering public safety demand strict regulation, including mandatory monitoring and logging of all synthesized DNA orders to prevent misuse.

2026-09-21 (Monday) · a1511141d62dbcfafe5324b7ea07f934c91734b2