为了应对与美国的科技竞争，中国正在提升精英科学家在政府领导层中的地位，在过去十年里，中共中央委员会中的“院士”人数翻了一番，在约350名成员中达到29人。虽然目前还没有这些科学家进入由24人组成的政治局，但在2022年选出的政治局成员中，有五人拥有深厚的科学职业背景。

微电子领域顶尖专家黄如和“北斗”系统开发者相里斌等著名专家，已从学术界过渡到国家规划机构的关键职位，以监督至关重要的半导体和创新政策。这一过渡还旨在清除腐败，此前拥有3430亿元人民币（510亿美元）资产的半导体“大基金”管理官员曾因腐败被清洗。

2023年成立的中央科技委员会进一步支持了这一技术官僚主义转变，使创新直接处于党控制之下。随着国家主席习近平为2027年党代会的下一次领导层重组做准备，政治信任与技术专长的融合仍然是核心目标。

In response to technological competition with America, China is elevating elite career scientists to government leadership, doubling the number of "academicians" on the Central Committee to 29 of its roughly 350 members over the past decade. While none of these scientists have entered the 24-member Politburo yet, five of its members selected in 2022 have backgrounds in scientific careers.

Prominent experts, such as microelectronics specialist Huang Ru and Beidou developer Xiangli Bin, have transitioned from academia to key roles in state planning agencies to oversee crucial semiconductor and innovation policies. This transition is also intended to clean up corruption, exemplified by the previous mismanagement of the 343 billion yuan ($51 billion) semiconductor "Big Fund".

This technocratic shift is further supported by the creation of the Central Science and Technology Commission in 2023 to bring innovation under direct party control. As President Xi Jinping prepares for the next leadership reshuffle at the 2027 party congress, the integration of political trust and technical expertise remains a central goal.

Source: Xi Jinping gives China’s crack scientists new jobs inside government

Subtitle: Tech rivalry is reshaping the ruling elite

Dateline: June 4th 2026