钙钛矿尽管长期被宣传可提升太阳能电池和显示屏性能，但由于既有技术吸走了大部分投资，始终停留在小众；而神经形态计算如今提供了一个几乎没有既有强者的市场。其 ABX3 晶体框架以及卤化物选择（氯化物、溴化物、碘化物）允许离子嵌入来调节电学行为，包括高/低电阻切换。

这种切换可形成忆阻器，其电阻状态对应类似二元的高:低区间，并且可在外加电压改变前保持不变。在 Tress 的设计中，银泄漏形成导电细丝，而受电压控制的生成/断裂循环可模拟“常用则增强、弃用则减弱”的突触变化。

类神经元功能需要“忆阻器+电容”：电容累积输入电荷，只有超过阈值才触发尖峰，随后放电会更新忆阻器电阻并传播信号。当前趋势指向近期扩展，原型网络预计最早明年出现，但其商业主导地位仍不确定。

Perovskites, despite long-promised gains for solar cells and displays, remained niche because incumbent technologies captured most investment; neuromorphic computing now offers a market with effectively no incumbents. Their ABX3 crystal framework and halide choices (chloride, bromide, iodide) permit ion insertion that tunes electrical behavior, including high/low resistance switching.

That switching creates memristors whose resistance states map to binary-like high:low regimes and can persist until an applied voltage changes them. In Tress’s design, silver leakage forms conductive filaments, and voltage-controlled make/break cycles emulate synaptic strengthening with use and weakening with neglect.

Neuron-like function requires a memristor plus a capacitor: the capacitor integrates input charge and triggers a spike only after crossing a threshold, then discharge updates memristor resistance and propagates signal. The trend points to near-term scaling, with a prototype network projected as soon as next year, while commercial dominance remains uncertain.

Source: Brain-like computers could be built out of perovskites

Subtitle: The long-hyped materials may have found their niche

Dateline: 2月 19, 2026 04:47 上午 | Phoenix, Arizona