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在2019年至2024年间,Foxconn 在刘扬伟主导下完成生产与地域结构的系统性重组:全球据点四年间增加70%至233个,使中国占比从超过80%降至65%。公司股价自2019年起上涨约三倍,反映其由智慧手机依赖转向 AI 伺服器。AI 伺服器营收在2024年第二季起超越 iPhone 相关业务,年度累计已突破新台币 1 兆元(约 320 亿美元)。刘并预测 2026 年伺服器出货量至少翻倍。中国本土劳动成本上升、2022 年郑州爆发疫情冲击,以及美中科技紧张,使多元生产布局成为必要策略。

产线重编包括将美国俄亥俄州的电动车工厂改造为 AI 伺服器基地,日本 Sharp 停产电视面板,并在印度、越南、墨西哥扩张;2025 年扩展至沙乌地阿拉伯以制造 EV 充电器。郭台铭仍持有 12.5% 股权但于2023年退出董事会;其主政时期的个人化“强人管理”被刘的制度化流程取代,包括“搜集资讯、分而治之、计划—执行—检查—修正”循环。公司亦导入轮值 CEO 制度,使各事业群主管每人轮任一年,以提升接班深度。

刘的转向重点落在 AI 垂直整合:Foxconn 为 Nvidia 建构新世代伺服器,不仅负责组装,也生产 PCB、连接器、GPU 板、液冷系统与风扇,单位整机内容物约有近半由 Foxconn 供应。AI 需求带来的成长幅度使其竞争优势明显扩大,相较台湾与美国同业保持多年领先。虽然电动车业务尚未形成规模收益,但“智慧制造—智慧 EV—智慧城市”的 AI 平台化方向已成公司核心。

Under Young Liu, Foxconn executed a structural overhaul between 2019 and 2024, raising global sites by 70% to 233 and reducing China’s share of production from above 80% to 65%. The firm’s stock price has tripled since 2019 as Foxconn shifted from smartphone dependence to AI servers. AI server revenue surpassed iPhone-related operations in Q2 2024 and has already exceeded NT$1 trillion (about $32 billion) this year, with Liu projecting at least a doubling of server shipments in 2026. Rising Chinese wages, the 2022 Zhengzhou COVID outbreak, and escalating U.S.-China tech tensions made diversification essential.

Operational reconfiguration included converting an Ohio EV plant into an AI server hub, Sharp halting TV panel production, and rapid expansion in India, Vietnam, and Mexico; in 2025 Foxconn will extend its footprint to Saudi Arabia for EV chargers. Terry Gou, still holding a 12.5% stake but off the board since 2023, has been replaced by Liu’s institutionalized management, centered on an information-driven “plan–do–check–act” cycle. A rotating one-year CEO system across business groups further broadens succession capacity.

Liu’s pivot emphasizes AI vertical integration: Foxconn co-develops next-generation servers with Nvidia and produces PCB, connectors, GPU boards, liquid cooling systems, and fans, supplying nearly half of each server’s components. AI-driven expansion has widened Foxconn’s lead over Taiwanese and U.S. rivals. While EV ambitions have yet to generate significant revenue, the “smart manufacturing–smart EV–smart city” AI platform strategy has become the company’s core.

2025-11-23 (Sunday) · 6a659cd0b9f6a190e8e6dd9144cb8beb65c238a1

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