TSMC 副首席营运长 Kevin Zhang 表示，为了维持获利，台积电将在2029年前暂不在量产中导入 ASML 的高数值孔径极紫外光刻系统（high-NA EUV）。他指出，TSMC 的最先进 A13 系列将于2029年进入量产，且目前仍可从既有 EUV 设备中取得效益。Zhang 强调，下一代 high-NA 设备极为昂贵，每台售价高于€350百万（约合 US$410百万）。

短期内，这对 ASML 构成直接压力；ASML 供应链资料显示 TSMC 是其最大客户。ASML 曾指出高NA EUV 预计于2027至2028年进入大规模量产，并预期2030年营收可达€60亿，但 TSMC 迄今只用少量机台进行研发测试，未投入大规模量产。ASML 美国盘中股价一度下跌高达5.5%，此前在纽约年初至今已上涨36%。作为设备采购与先进制程的龙头，TSMC 的采购决策会牵动整个半导体供应链。

文章也突显高成本结构：一座最先进晶圆厂的建置成本约为US$20亿到US$30亿，而生产最前沿 AI 晶片所需的入门级 EUV 机台售价已超过US$200百万。台积电预计2026年的资本支出将接近US$560亿，并将长期毛利率指引上修至56%以上，显示只要报酬率可维持，它愿意持续重资本投入。台积电同时是 Nvidia、AMD 与 Broadcom 的主要 AI 晶片供应商，且其亚利桑那厂表现稳定：首座厂已达到与台湾厂相当的良率，第二座厂预计明年量产。

TSMC’s Deputy COO Kevin Zhang said the chipmaker will delay deployment of ASML’s high numerical aperture extreme ultraviolet lithography systems (high-NA EUV) in volume production through 2029 to preserve margins. He said TSMC’s leading-edge A13 product line will enter production in 2029 and noted that the company can still extract value from its existing EUV tools. Zhang added that next-generation high-NA equipment is extremely expensive, with each machine above €350 million (about US$410 million).

In the near term, this is direct pressure on ASML; supply chain data show TSMC is ASML’s largest customer. ASML said high-NA EUV could enter high-volume production in 2027–2028 and targeted up to €60 billion in revenue by 2030, but TSMC has so far used only a handful of these tools for research, not mass production. ASML shares fell as much as 5.5% in U.S. intraday trading after previously rising 36% year-to-date in New York. As the industry’s biggest equipment buyer and process leader, TSMC’s procurement choices affect the broader chip ecosystem.

The story also highlights a heavy cost backdrop: a leading-edge fab now costs about US$20 billion to US$30 billion to build, while even entry-level EUV machines needed for frontier AI chips cost over US$200 million. TSMC is planning record 2026 capex of around US$56 billion and has raised long-term gross margin guidance to above 56%, signaling it is willing to invest heavily if returns are sustained. TSMC remains the main AI chip supplier for Nvidia, AMD, and Broadcom. Its Arizona operations were described as healthy: the first fab there is matching Taiwan-like yields, while the second fab is set for production next year.