美国与伊朗的协议接近完成，但最多可能只是临时协议，而非永久结束战争的全面安排；双方预计将同意广泛原则，并把4月8日生效的停火至少延长60天，以谈判执行细节，包括伊朗可能暂时停止铀浓缩、由谁核查以及核设施如何处理。

尽管美国空袭伊朗并称为自卫，谈判仍在继续；伊朗抗议但未强烈报复，巴基斯坦仍是主要调停方，卡塔尔近期加入并似乎有所帮助，双方特使于5月22日赴德黑兰，伊朗议长5月25日访问多哈，特朗普5月27日召集内阁。

主要分歧集中在经济与核材料：伊朗希望立即动用被外国银行冻结的1000亿美元资产，美国只愿允许其出口部分石油，并要求第二阶段谈判取得进展后才解冻资金；伊朗还持有超过400公斤接近武器级浓缩铀，美国长期要求运出境外，而伊朗主张原地稀释，特朗普5月25日暗示可能接受监督下原地稀释，同时国内共和党、以色列及地区承认以色列问题使协议更复杂，即使很快宣布，油气恢复也可能因不确定性拖延数月。

A U.S.-Iran deal is close, but at most it is likely to be an interim accord rather than a comprehensive settlement ending the war permanently; the sides are expected to agree on broad principles and extend the ceasefire that began on April 8th by at least 60 days to negotiate implementation details, including a possible temporary Iranian halt to uranium enrichment, verification, and the future of nuclear facilities.

Talks have continued despite U.S. air strikes on Iran, which Washington called self-defence; Iran protested but avoided a major response, Pakistan remains the main mediator, Qatar has recently joined and seems to have helped, envoys went to Tehran on May 22nd, Iran’s speaker visited Doha on May 25th, and Trump convened his cabinet on May 27th.

The main disputes are economic and nuclear: Iran wants immediate access to some of $100bn frozen in foreign banks, while America offers only a waiver for some oil exports and refuses to unfreeze funds before progress in second-stage talks; Iran also holds more than 400kg of near-weapons-grade uranium, which America has long wanted shipped abroad while Iran wants to dilute it in place, Trump hinted on May 25th he might accept supervised in-place dilution, and Republican politics, Israel’s objections, and demands for regional recognition of Israel further complicate the deal, while oil and gas flows may lag for months even if an accord is announced soon.

Source: America and Iran are getting close to a deal. Or not

Subtitle: A bewildering week brought both frenzied negotiations and renewed American strikes

Dateline: 5月 28, 2026 05:19 上午 | WASHINGTON, DC