Anthropic首席执行官表示，向中国出售先进人工智能芯片具有“难以置信的国家安全影响”。在世界经济论坛期间，Dario Amodei称，美国允许Nvidia向中国销售H200处理器是一个重大错误，并将其比作“向朝鲜出售核武器”。这一政策转向意味着，美国正在放松此前为限制中国及其军方利用美国技术发展人工智能而实施的出口禁令。

H200芯片是在两年多前推出的，将成为依法可出口至中国的最先进AI芯片。相比之下，Nvidia在美国销售更先进的Blackwell系列，并计划转向以天文学家Vera Rubin命名的更高速新一代芯片，这些产品仍因国家安全理由被禁止对华出口。与此同时，Advanced Micro Devices也在寻求批准向中国销售其MI325X芯片，显示主要厂商都在争夺有限的对华销售窗口。

Amodei认为，芯片禁运仍在实质性地制约中国的AI发展。他此前多次敦促美国政府维持相关限制，并在去年达沃斯会议上警告称，放松管制可能引发类似《1984》式的极权风险。当前政策调整被视为Nvidia的重大胜利，但也凸显出在商业利益、技术竞争与国家安全之间的权衡正在发生变化。

The chief executive of Anthropic said selling advanced artificial intelligence chips to China carries “incredible national security implications.” Speaking at the World Economic Forum, Dario Amodei said the US decision to allow Nvidia to sell its H200 processors to China is a serious mistake, likening it to “selling nuclear weapons to North Korea.” The policy shift signals a relaxation of export controls originally designed to prevent China and its military from developing AI using American technology.

Introduced more than two years ago, the H200 would be the most advanced AI chip legally exportable to Chinese customers. By contrast, Nvidia sells its more advanced Blackwell generation in the US and is preparing to move to an even faster family of chips named after astronomer Vera Rubin, which will remain restricted on national security grounds. At the same time, Advanced Micro Devices is also seeking approval to sell its MI325X chip to China, underscoring competition among major suppliers for limited access to the market.

Amodei argues that the chip embargo continues to materially hold back China’s AI development. He has repeatedly urged the US government to maintain restrictions and last year in Davos warned of potential “1984 scenarios” if controls were loosened. The current adjustment is widely seen as a win for Nvidia, but it highlights a shifting balance between commercial incentives, technological rivalry, and national security concerns.