美国在气候数据方面长期领先：莫纳罗亚的二氧化碳长期观测、科罗拉多大学博尔德分校的两极海冰数据库，以及约4,000个Argo浮标中美国拥有的58%，这些浮标在深海漂流并大约每10天上浮一次回传数据。如今这些体系因数据库退役、报告删除以及关键人员被解雇或调岗而受威胁，从而削弱模型验证与对火灾等风险的预测能力。

多项关键统计与制度性数据正在中断：温室气体报告计划去年的年度清单未发布，环保署提议暂停或取消所有行业的申报要求，对部分行业延至2034年、对另一些则永久取消；若按提案最终定稿，将无需提交含有2025年数据的报告。依法每4年发布一次的《国家气候评估》已从政府服务器移除，下一次原定于2027年，但制作团队的合同已被终止。

NOAA的“十亿美元级天气与气候灾害”数据库记录自1980年以来单次损失至少10亿美元的灾害，并在2025年被退役；该库显示最昂贵的气候相关灾害正变得更频繁且更昂贵，并提供带未来风险预测的灾害图。与此同时，NOAA的数据服务列出过去一年已停用的数十个数据集与站点，数量“远高于正常”，而Argo证据链对海洋热含量上升至关重要，因为海洋吸收了温室气体造成的额外热量中的90%以上；虽无明确撤资迹象，但合作方担忧加剧，印度季风预报官员警告失去Argo数据会显著降低准确性。

America has long led climate data collection and analysis: Mauna Loa’s long-running atmospheric CO2 record, the University of Colorado Boulder’s polar sea-ice databases, and 58% of roughly 4,000 Argo floats that surface about every ten days to transmit measurements. These systems are now threatened by database decommissioning, report deletion, and loss or reassignment of specialized staff, weakening model validation and forecasts for risks such as wildfire.

Key reporting and assessment timelines are being disrupted: the Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program’s annual inventory was not released last year, and the EPA has proposed suspending or eliminating all industry reporting requirements, until 2034 for some and permanently for others; if finalized, no reports with 2025 data would be required. National Climate Assessments, legally required every four years, have been removed from government servers; the next is due in 2027, but the production contract has been terminated.

NOAA’s Billion-Dollar Weather and Climate Disasters database tracked disasters since 1980 that caused at least $1bn in damages and was retired in 2025; it showed the costliest climate-related disasters becoming more frequent and more costly and provided hazard maps with future risk projections. NOAA lists dozens of other climate datasets discontinued in the past year, “far more than normal,” while Argo remains central to evidence of rising ocean heat content because oceans have absorbed more than 90% of the extra heat trapped by greenhouse gases; funding has not clearly been pulled, but partners warn accuracy losses, including India’s monsoon forecast, could be significant.

Source: The Trump administration is eroding vital climate data

Subtitle: American citizens are left vulnerable

Dateline: 2月 05, 2026 06:12 上午