美国宇航局（NASA）即将发射名为南希·格雷斯·罗曼（Nancy Grace Roman）的全新太空望远镜，旨在揭开暗物质与暗能量的神秘面纱。这台望远镜拥有与哈勃望远镜相当的解析度，但视野却是其一百倍，将透过测量引力引起的微小光线扭曲，绘制出前所未有的大尺度宇宙结构图。科学家期望借由它来理解宇宙的演化过程以及暗能量如何加速宇宙的膨胀。

除了探索宇宙大尺度结构，罗曼太空望远镜还将成为寻找系外行星的强大工具。与韦伯太空望远镜专注于深空小范围观测不同，罗曼望远镜将同时扫描广阔的天区，预计能发现多达二十万颗新行星。它将运用微引力透镜技术，探测距离母恒星较远的行星，甚至是流浪行星，从而帮助我们了解类似地球和太阳系的系统在宇宙中是否常见。（关键数字：200,000）

罗曼太空望远镜的观测数据将有助于解决现代宇宙学中的三大谜团：宇宙膨胀速度异常、物质分布过于均匀，以及近期发现的暗能量随时间减弱的迹象。透过捕捉数以万计的超新星爆炸并精确测量暗物质的分布与生长历史，这台望远镜将严格检验现有的宇宙学标准模型。这些前所未有的发现或许将引发我们对宏观宇宙认知的重大革命。

NASA is preparing to launch the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, a powerful new observatory designed to unravel the mysteries of dark matter and dark energy. Featuring a resolution comparable to Hubble but with a field of view one hundred times larger, the telescope will map the large-scale structure of the universe by measuring subtle distortions of light caused by gravity. Scientists hope this mission will illuminate how the universe evolves and how dark energy accelerates its expansion.

Beyond charting cosmic structures, the Roman Space Telescope will serve as an extraordinary tool for discovering exoplanets. Unlike the James Webb Space Telescope, which focuses deeply on narrow patches of space, Roman will scan massive swaths of the sky and is expected to find up to 200,000 new planets. By utilizing microlensing techniques, it can detect worlds orbiting far from their host stars, as well as rogue planets, shedding light on the rarity of Earth-like planets and solar systems like our own.

Data collected by the Roman Space Telescope will help address three major discrepancies in modern cosmology: the unexpectedly fast expansion of the universe, the overly uniform distribution of matter, and recent hints that dark energy might be weakening over time. By capturing tens of thousands of supernovae and precisely mapping the distribution and growth of dark matter, the telescope will rigorously test the standard model of cosmology. These unprecedented insights could fundamentally revolutionize our understanding of the macrocosm.