英国政府机构正面临被称为“智能体泛滥”（agentic flooding）的严重危机。民众越来越多地利用人工智能生成专业的申诉信、税务异议和福利申请，彻底压垮了传统建立在邮政和电话时代的行政体系。在过去一年中，由于AI助推的诉讼激增，英国劳动法庭的案件积压量大幅上升了55%，而紧急禁令申请需求更是暴增了100倍。这一现象暴露出行政体系在面对高效AI工具时的极端脆弱性。

AI技术的普及使得普通公民能够零成本获得媲美专业律师的文书起草能力，但这引发了典型的“公地悲剧”。目前，英国民众每年因未充分申领应得福利而导致的金额高达200亿英镑（折合270亿美元），约占国内生产总值的0.7%；如果所有人都在AI帮助下全额索要福利，公共财政将难以承受。同时，庞大的申诉量导致劳动法庭的案件等待处理时间延长至长达4年，使得原本旨在保护权益的法律制度陷入瘫痪。

为应对这一挑战，政策制定者亟需调整行政与司法机制。政府应当避免出台容易诱发AI大规模索赔的立法，同时简化过于复杂的申诉程序，并考虑通过收取信息公开申请费或对投机性申诉课以诉讼费用来增加滥用成本。从根本上看，政府必须加快利用AI重塑公共服务体系，将原本繁琐的申请与审批流程转变为自动化的精准服务，以防止国家机器在民众的AI申诉潮中陷入瘫痪。

The British state is experiencing severe administrative strain due to "agentic flooding," wherein citizens deploy artificial intelligence agents to automatically draft legal appeals, tax objections, and welfare claims. This influx is overwhelming traditional paper-and-telephone bureaucracies. Over the past year, employment tribunal backlogs have surged by 55% largely due to AI-generated claims, while requests for emergency injunctions have exploded 100-fold. Because British public administration has historically relied on written submissions, the state is uniquely vulnerable to high-volume, professional-grade automated petitioning.

Although AI empowers individuals to assert legal rights effortlessly, it threatens a classic tragedy of the commons that risks paralyzing the public sector. For instance, British citizens currently under-claim statutory welfare benefits by up to £20 billion ($27 billion) annually—equivalent to 0.7% of GDP; if AI-driven tools systematically secure full entitlement payouts for everyone, public finances will collapse. Meanwhile, massive filing surges have pushed employment tribunal hearing wait times to four years, rendering legal redress effectively inaccessible and threatening a doom-loop of administrative decay.

To prevent institutional collapse, policymakers must reform entitlement structures and modernize the administrative state. Parliament should refrain from creating broad, vague legal rights ripe for automated exploitation and instead introduce disincentives, such as fees for freedom-of-information requests and cost orders against frivolous claims. Crucially, the government must adopt AI to radically redesign public operations—replacing cumbersome decision-appeal cycles with automated planning compliance and pro-active welfare delivery before agentic flooding completely incapacitates governance.

Source: How AI is breaking the British state

Subtitle: Equipped with models and agents, citizens could bring government to a halt

Dateline: 8月 06, 2026 05:23 上午