澳大利亚自12月10日起禁止16岁以下拥有社交媒体账户；与此同时，丹麦和挪威计划把最低年龄提高到15岁，西班牙和马来西亚表示将提高到16岁。成人网站也在收紧门槛：英国在7月实施规则，强制色情网站核验用户已满18岁，但多国的年龄管控正显示出复杂的替代与规避趋势。

界定“社交媒体”边界带来统计上的争议：Snapchat称澳大利亚13—15岁用户约40万，且澳大利亚人在其上花费时间的四分之三用于消息或通话，但可滚动视频信息流等功能仍使其被纳入。账户禁令还可能把未登录浏览推向更不适龄内容，并把未成年人迁移到未覆盖、监管较弱的新应用与平台。

在英国，Ofcom称年龄核验落地后色情网站总流量下降三分之一，而Similarweb显示Pornhub等大站流量几近减半；Ofcom还表示英国前100家色情网站中逾半合规，对一家运营商AVS罚款100万英镑（130万美元），并对其他网站启动80多项调查。VPN绕过也呈量化激增：15个最大VPN移动应用的每周会话数从此前约1500万升至近4000万，随后回落但似乎稳定在接近此前水平的两倍，与由社交平台或由苹果、谷歌等操作系统/应用商店承担校验责任的博弈同步升温。

Australia bans under-16s from holding social-media accounts from December 10, while Denmark and Norway plan to raise the minimum age to 15 and Spain and Malaysia say they will raise it to 16. Adult sites face tighter gates too: Britain introduced rules in July requiring porn sites to verify users are over 18, but the numbers show regulation triggers substitution and evasion.

Defining what counts as “social media” creates measurable disputes: Snapchat says about 400,000 Australians aged 13–15 had accounts and that three-quarters of Australians’ time on it is messaging or calls, yet features like a scrollable video feed keep it in scope. Account bans may also push minors toward anonymous browsing that can expose less age-appropriate content, and toward smaller, less regulated apps that are not covered.

In Britain, Ofcom says total porn traffic fell by a third after age checks, while Similarweb reports big sites like Pornhub down by nearly half; Ofcom also says more than half of the top 100 porn sites comply, has fined AVS £1m ($1.3m), and has opened 80+ investigations. VPN bypassing surged as weekly sessions on the 15 largest VPN mobile apps jumped from about 15m to nearly 40m and then settled at close to double the prior level, alongside a growing fight over whether platforms or Apple/Google-style OS and app-store systems should enforce age verification.

Source: From social media to porn, age checks are spreading across the web

Subtitle: Australia is not the only country introducing stricter controls

Dateline: 12月 11, 2025 06:00 上午