自12月接任NASA后，贾里德·艾萨克曼（Jared Isaacman）在美国与中国登月竞争的大背景下推动了更严肃、现实的阿耳忒弥斯（Artemis）时间表，并在3月24日的备忘录中写下“美国将永远不会放弃月球”这一措辞。 他仍然警告说，当前计划中的2028年载人登月目标可能再次延误，而执行更精简、更快捷的中国方案可能先于美国抵达。
他的Ignition活动把“建立永久月球基地”的泛泛愿景转化为具体阶段方案：第一阶段最多部署15辆月球机器人着陆器用于勘察与选址并铺垫后续基地任务；第二、三阶段则让宇航员每六个月到访一次，在月球表面建设可长期驻留的设施。 该安排使月球任务的核心地位上升，同时也弱化了首次载人着陆本身的单点战略意义。
NASA同时削弱了对单次“过夜式”访问的神话，并把重点从昂贵又不稳定的SLS转向更便宜、更可靠的商业竞争路径。 SLS仍将承担下月的Artemis II、地球轨道测试任务Artemis III及Artemis IV、V载人登月，但“Lunar Gateway”将不再作为月球任务中转站，原本由ESA、JAXA、加拿大和阿联酋按前提任务提供的加油、通信、舱段、机械臂、气闸等贡献被迫重构并可能削弱国际合作承诺。
Since taking over in December, Jared Isaacman has pushed a stricter Artemis schedule against the U.S.-China lunar race backdrop, highlighted in his March 24 memo saying “The United States will never again give up the Moon.” He still warns that the 2028 crewed lunar landing target could slip again and that China’s more streamlined program may beat the United States to the surface.
His Ignition event converted a vague “permanent base” aspiration into a concrete phased plan: up to 15 robotic lunar landers in phase one to scout and prepare sites, followed by astronaut visits approximately every six months in phases two and three to build long-stay infrastructure. This increases the Moon’s central role over the decade while reducing the strategic weight of the first one-time touchdown.
The SLS architecture is now treated as legacy in parallel with cheaper commercial alternatives, though NASA still uses it for Artemis II next month, Artemis III lunar-vehicle testing in Earth orbit, and crewed Artemis IV and V landers. NASA is also shelving the Lunar Gateway model, moving transfer operations nearer low Earth orbit, repurposing its built Power and Propulsion Element into SR-1 Freedom with a nuclear reactor for a 2028 end launch window and three Mars aerial scouts, while acknowledging that over $20bn across 12 nuclear programs since the mid-1960s and over 25 years of ISS operations still have not produced major market outcomes.
Source: NASA’s Moon-base plans mark a rethinking of its future
Subtitle: The changes are welcome
Dateline: 3月 26, 2026 04:45 上午