2025年1月7日洛杉矶县的野火造成31人死亡、摧毁超过16,000栋建筑，研究人员估计另有14人因烟雾暴露而死亡。此后90天里，因心脏病发作症状前往急诊的就诊人数上升46%，显示出可测量的火后健康激增。

截至12月，重建许可已获批约占被摧毁建筑的15%，并预计在冬季降雨结束后的3月出现更大的施工潮。科罗拉多和加州的调查显示，火险地区至少三分之二的居民可能保险不足，从而拉大富裕社区与中产社区的复原差距。

政策与金融压力正在加剧：在1988年的公投措施设定费率限制以及2023年的允许提高保费的协议之后，更多家庭被推向FAIR计划，其风险敞口自2022年以来已超过三倍增至接近$700bn，同时保险监管官员今年早些时候向参与的保险公司征收$1bn以避免破产。诉讼与责任同样逼近，因为南加州爱迪生公司称其设备很可能引发了摧毁Altadena的火灾，而州政府补充了用于帮助公用事业支付野火索赔的基金，将成本转嫁给缴费用户与股东。

The January 7, 2025 wildfire in Los Angeles County killed 31 people, destroyed more than 16,000 buildings, and researchers estimate 14 additional deaths from smoke exposure. In the 90 days afterward, emergency-room visits for heart-attack symptoms rose 46%, marking a measurable post-fire health surge.

By December, permits had been approved to rebuild roughly 15% of the destroyed buildings, with expectations of a larger construction boom in March as rains end. Surveys in Colorado and California indicate at least two-thirds of residents in fire-prone areas may be underinsured, widening the recovery gap between wealthy enclaves and middle-class neighborhoods.

Policy and finance pressures are intensifying: after rate limits set by a 1988 ballot measure and a 2023 deal allowing higher premiums, more households are being pushed into the FAIR Plan, whose exposure has more than tripled since 2022 to nearly $700bn, alongside a $1bn charge to participating insurers to avert insolvency. Litigation and liability also loom, as Southern California Edison says its equipment probably caused the Altadena fire and the state replenished a utility wildfire-claims fund, shifting costs to ratepayers and shareholders.

Source: Los Angeles after the flames

Subtitle: A year after the city burned, the recovery has just begun

Dateline: 12月 31, 2025 05:14 上午 | Altadena and Pacific Palisades