电动水翼船Candela C-8在斯德哥尔摩可将船体抬离水面约0.5米，阻力与推进能耗最高可降低80%，传感器以每秒100次调整翼面以保持稳定。其每海里的运行成本约为传统快艇的5%，且更安静、零排放、航迹扰动更小，因而在限速城市水域可能被允许更快通行。

瑞典的Candela已交付约100艘休闲船并获得83艘渡轮订单，生产30座水翼渡轮P-12，并声称是全球唯一实现电动水翼船量产的公司。其电驱动与电池借鉴汽车产业，原型曾用BMW i3电池，后转向比亚迪电池并与Polestar合作以使用标准快充；同轴反向双螺旋桨将效率从单桨约70%提升至约80%。

水翼概念至少可追溯至1869年且1904年出现首个成功实例，现代全浸没翼配合数字控制使其稳定可扩展，并有人预测10年内将成高速海上交通通用标准。城市现有渡轮每乘客英里耗油是公交的15至30倍，Candela即将向沙特交付8艘，估算全球电动渡轮市场约220亿美元，现厂年产40艘并计划于2026年末在波兰建更大工厂；但船长增加使质量按立方增长而载客仅按平方增长，因此尽管Artemis有150座EF-24，像多佛至加来可载1,750名乘客及车辆的传统大渡轮仍将主导高流量航线。

Candela’s electric hydrofoil C-8 can lift its hull about 0.5 metres above the water near Stockholm, cutting drag and propulsion energy by up to 80%, while sensors adjust wing tilt 100 times per second for stability. Its cost per nautical mile is about 5% of a conventional speedboat’s, and its quiet, zero-emission, low-wake operation could allow higher speeds on urban waterways that are otherwise speed-limited.

Sweden-based Candela has delivered around 100 leisure boats and holds orders for 83 ferries, producing the 30-passenger P-12 and claiming to be the only company in serial production of electric hydrofoils. It borrows EV batteries and charging infrastructure (from a BMW i3 in prototypes, then BYD, plus a Polestar partnership), and its counter-rotating coaxial propellers raise efficiency from about 70% with one propeller to about 80% with two.

Hydrofoils date back to at least 1869 with a first successful example in 1904, but fully submerged wings plus digital control make modern electric hydrofoils stable and scalable, with a forecast that they become the universal standard for high-speed maritime transit within 10 years. Urban ferries today use 15–30 times more fuel per passenger mile than buses, Candela will soon deliver eight vessels to Saudi Arabia, pegs the global electric-ferry market at about $22bn, and can build 40 vessels per year while planning a larger Polish facility in late 2026; physics still caps scale because mass rises with the cube of length while capacity rises only with the square, so even with Artemis’s 150-person EF-24, conventional ferries carrying about 1,750 passengers (plus cars) are expected to dominate the busiest routes.

Source: “Flying” electric boats could remake urban transport

Subtitle: The convergence of three technologies has made possible the reinvention of the hydrofoil

Dateline: 2月 12, 2026 06:37 上午 | Stockholm