史丹佛大學的科學家們首次利用生成式人工智慧（Evo 2）設計並創造出自然界中不存在的合成噬菌體。這些新型噬菌體在殺死大腸桿菌方面比天然噬菌體更加有效，這標誌著合成生物學的重大里程碑，展現了人工智慧在生成完整功能性基因組方面的潛力。

這項技術的突破有望重振噬菌體療法，為應對日益嚴重的抗生素抗藥性病原體提供創新的替代方案。該團隊已將 Evo 2 模型開源，期望這項基礎技術能被廣泛應用，為人類健康帶來巨大的潛在益處，並可能進一步擴展到設計更複雜的生命形態。

儘管研究人員在實驗中採取了嚴格的安全預防措施，但這項研究仍引發了專家對生物安全和生物保全的強烈擔憂。目前的治理框架尚不足以監管生成式基因體學，社會急需建立完善的監督機制，以在發揮其益處的同時防止潛在的嚴重危害。

Scientists at Stanford University have for the first time used generative artificial intelligence (Evo 2) to design and create synthetic phages that do not exist in nature. These novel phages proved more effective at killing E. coli than natural ones, marking a major milestone in synthetic biology and demonstrating AI's ability to generate entire functional genomes.

This technological breakthrough could help revive phage therapy, offering an innovative alternative solution to combat increasingly scary antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The team has made the Evo 2 model open-source, hoping the basic technology will be widely used to provide immense potential health benefits for humanity, with possibilities to extend to more complex life forms.

Although the researchers took strict safety precautions during their experiments, the study has raised urgent biosafety and biosecurity concerns among experts. Existing governance frameworks are deemed insufficient for overseeing generative genomics, and society urgently needs to build oversight mechanisms that allow its benefits to unfold while preventing potential serious harm.