史丹佛大学的科学家们首次利用生成式人工智慧（Evo 2）设计并创造出自然界中不存在的合成噬菌体。这些新型噬菌体在杀死大肠杆菌方面比天然噬菌体更加有效，这标志著合成生物学的重大里程碑，展现了人工智慧在生成完整功能性基因组方面的潜力。

这项技术的突破有望重振噬菌体疗法，为应对日益严重的抗生素抗药性病原体提供创新的替代方案。该团队已将 Evo 2 模型开源，期望这项基础技术能被广泛应用，为人类健康带来巨大的潜在益处，并可能进一步扩展到设计更复杂的生命形态。

尽管研究人员在实验中采取了严格的安全预防措施，但这项研究仍引发了专家对生物安全和生物保全的强烈担忧。目前的治理框架尚不足以监管生成式基因体学，社会急需建立完善的监督机制，以在发挥其益处的同时防止潜在的严重危害。

Scientists at Stanford University have for the first time used generative artificial intelligence (Evo 2) to design and create synthetic phages that do not exist in nature. These novel phages proved more effective at killing E. coli than natural ones, marking a major milestone in synthetic biology and demonstrating AI's ability to generate entire functional genomes.

This technological breakthrough could help revive phage therapy, offering an innovative alternative solution to combat increasingly scary antibiotic-resistant pathogens. The team has made the Evo 2 model open-source, hoping the basic technology will be widely used to provide immense potential health benefits for humanity, with possibilities to extend to more complex life forms.

Although the researchers took strict safety precautions during their experiments, the study has raised urgent biosafety and biosecurity concerns among experts. Existing governance frameworks are deemed insufficient for overseeing generative genomics, and society urgently needs to build oversight mechanisms that allow its benefits to unfold while preventing potential serious harm.