跨国企业正依据各国的「人工智慧开放度」来决定未来的投资与营运扩张地点，这使欧陆相较于美国面临竞争劣势。企业高层表示，人才、基础设施及监管政策是关键评估指标，若欧洲无法提供明确的监管确定性与友善政策，研发与制造等资本将转向更具吸引力的市场。

欧盟试图在促进人工智慧普及与降低对美科技依赖之间取得平衡，其推行的《人工智慧法案》奠定了严格的法律防线，但也增加了企业落地欧陆的成本与复杂度。相较之下，英国采取较为宽松的监管方式，吸引了如诺和诺德等跨国企业在伦敦设立人工智慧创新中心。

除了法规挑战外，欧洲还面临资料中心兴建困难、高能源成本、市场采用缓慢以及融资规模不如美国等结构性限制。尽管欧盟委员会强调其拥有世界级工业资料优势并推动算力工厂建设，各大产业巨头仍计划将各国的人工智慧成熟度列为未来资本配置的核心考量。

Multinational companies are increasingly assessing countries' AI openness to guide their expansion and capital expenditure, placing continental Europe at a growing disadvantage compared with the United States. Corporate leaders emphasize that AI talent, digital infrastructure, and regulatory frameworks are decisive factors, warning that investments will migrate to regions offering greater policy certainty and clearer incentives.

While the European Union aims to accelerate AI adoption while curbing reliance on US technology providers, its landmark AI Act introduces regulatory costs and complexities that deter potential investment. In contrast, the United Kingdom has maintained a lighter regulatory approach, successfully attracting major international initiatives such as Novo Nordisk's new AI hub in London.

Beyond strict regulation, Europe is hampered by structural headwinds, including obstacles to rapid data center deployment, steep energy prices, slower enterprise uptake, and smaller funding volumes relative to the US. Although the European Commission points to high-quality industrial data and AI factory initiatives, major global corporations are cementing AI readiness as a critical criterion for future operations.