日本近期遭遇了密集的严重网络攻击潮，迫使其不得不正视长期存在的网络安全防线漏洞。9月25日，大型汽车租赁公司Times Car遭黑客入侵，逾600万用户账户泄露；随后一家知名烧烤连锁企业报告近1100万个账户数据被窃，大型证券公司与公立大学相继中招，软银旗下子公司遭受勒索软件袭击更导致约500家企业及地方政府服务瘫痪。网络安全机构Forescout指出今年针对日本的攻击激增。在此背景下，日本自10月1日正式实施《能动性网络防御法》，首次授权自卫队和警察厅对敌对服务器进行先发制人的渗透与瘫痪，标志着其防卫政策出现重大历史性转向。

日本长期在国家网络安全能力上处于落后地位。早在2021年英国国际战略研究所的评估中，日本在15国中位列最低的三级梯队，远落后于美英。这一落后源于战后和平宪法的约束、企业网络安全意识淡薄以及供应链薄弱环节的存在，甚至2018年日本网络安全担当大臣曾公开承认一生从未用过电脑。去年的多起重大危机敲响了警钟：2025年9月俄罗斯黑客组织Qilin对朝日集团发动勒索攻击，导致其几乎全部30家工厂及物流瘫痪，拳头产品朝日啤酒全面断货，直接导致该集团去年净利润暴跌37%。面对中俄朝等周边潜在国家级威胁，日本各界开始认识到关键基础设施瘫痪将危及生命安全。

然而，日本在落实积极防御战略时仍面临严峻的技术破防与人才匮乏困境。生成式人工智能的快速迭代彻底瓦解了以往由复杂日语语法构成的天然防御屏障，使得钓鱼欺诈邮件的精准度大幅提升。虽然日本企业加速部署防范邮件伪造的DMARC系统，但调查显示仅有43%的企业进行了有效拦截配置，远低于美国的83%。更为严峻的是，日本自卫队和警方完全缺乏开展实战进攻性网络行动的经验，而官方测算全日本目前的网络安全专业人才缺口已高达11万人，严重制约了防御新法的实效推进。

A wave of severe cyber-attacks has exposed systemic digital vulnerabilities across Japan. On September 25th, Times Car suffered an intrusion compromising over 6m user accounts, followed by a breach at a major barbecue restaurant chain affecting nearly 11m profiles. Simultaneous attacks struck a leading brokerage, shut down a public university, and compromised a SoftBank subsidiary, disrupting digital infrastructure for 500 corporations and local municipalities. Cyber-security firm Forescout recorded a steep spike in targeted campaigns against Japanese networks this year. In response, Japan enacted the Active Cyber Defence law on October 1st, empowering the Self-Defence Forces (SDF) and National Police Agency to proactively infiltrate and neutralize hostile servers.

Structural deficiencies have historically hobbled Japanese cyber readiness. A 2021 assessment by the International Institute for Strategic Studies placed Japan in the bottom tier of 15 advanced nations due to fragmented governance, weak intelligence, and absent offensive mechanisms. Legal limitations rooted in the post-war pacifist constitution, insufficient corporate protocols, and executive digital illiteracy—illustrated in 2018 when the cyber-security minister admitted never using a computer—exacerbated vulnerabilities. Catalyzing policy changes was an extortion assault in September 2025 by Russian syndicate Qilin against Asahi Group Holdings, which halted operations across nearly all 30 manufacturing plants and caused a 37% collapse in full-year net profits amid national supply shortages.

Operational implementation of proactive cyber deterrence faces acute technical and human capital bottlenecks. The rapid proliferation of advanced generative AI has eliminated the protective linguistic barrier once provided by Japanese, facilitating sophisticated automated phishing campaigns. Infrastructure defenses remain poorly calibrated; although domestic enterprises increasingly adopt DMARC authentication protocols, only 43% configure the system to actively block fraudulent transmissions, compared to 83% in the United States. Furthermore, the SDF and police lack operational experience executing preemptive network disruptions. Crucially, government estimates reveal a national deficit of 110,000 skilled cyber-security professionals, threatening Japan's capacity to counter state-sponsored threats originating from regional adversaries.

Source: Japan reckons with a spate of cyber attacks

Subtitle: Efforts to reinforce cyber-security are not keeping pace with threats

Dateline: Oct 8th 2026\n