中国前国务院总理朱镕基逝世，享年97岁。官方讣告称其为“久经考验的忠诚的共产主义战士，杰出的无产阶级革命家、政治家、党和国家的卓越领导人”。朱镕基是出生于二十世纪二十年代的“第三代”领导集体的重要代表，曾毕业于清华大学电机系，在历经二十年逆境与磨难后重返政坛，于1988年出任上海市市长，并在1989年后和平平息上海风波、推动浦东及外滩现代化改造而获得极高声誉。
1991年调任北京后，朱镕基先后担任副总理和总理，成为中国市场化改革的领军人物。他以务实直率和雷厉风行著称，曾立下为反腐准备“一百口棺材”的誓言。在其任期内，他成功将一度超过24%的高通胀率平抑下来，大刀阔斧推行分税制改革以充实中央财政并强化宏观调控，整顿金融秩序，果断关停并转并私有化了数百家亏损的国有企业，同时培养选拔了一大批精通现代经济与金融的专业技术官僚。
朱镕基最具历史意义的成就，是力排众议领导了推动中国在2001年加入世界贸易组织（WTO）的艰苦谈判，将中国全面融入全球经济体系并开启了长达数十年的超常规高速增长。然而，国企改革导致的数千万下岗潮、住房制度改革催生的房地产泡沫以及融入全球化带来的贸易失衡也是其历史遗产的一部分。随着近年来政治与经济政策转向强化国家主导和集体领导弱化，朱镕基的离世更成为中国改革时代沧桑巨变的标志性注脚。
Former Chinese premier Zhu Rongji passed away at 97, remembered officially as an outstanding statesman and loyal leader. Educated in engineering at Tsinghua University and enduring two decades of internal political exile after being purged as a rightist, Zhu resurrected his career to become mayor of Shanghai in 1988. He earned widespread administrative acclaim for modernizing the city's economic infrastructure and peacefully managing civil unrest during the political turbulence of 1989.
Summoned to Beijing to oversee economic governance as vice-premier and later as prime minister from 1998, Zhu spearheaded historic pro-market restructuring. He successfully contained runaway annual inflation that had peaked above 24%, overhauled China's fiscal tax revenue system to reinforce central fiscal control, eliminated administrative red tape, and privatized hundreds of inefficient, loss-making state-owned enterprises while advancing a generation of technocratic financial experts into senior leadership roles.
Zhu's defining global legacy was navigating complex negotiations that secured China's accession to the World Trade Organisation in 2001, anchoring unprecedented economic expansion by integrating the nation into the world economy. Although his decisive restructuring threw tens of millions of state employees out of work and set off real estate transformations, his passing underscores the profound ideological and economic transitions that have reshaped Chinese governance in the decades since his retirement.
Source: Zhu Rongji’s death is a reminder of how much has changed in China
Subtitle: A titan of pragmatic reform is gone, aged 97
Dateline: 8月 13, 2026 05:17 上午